Not to state the obvious here, but...
If your "friend" has jumped bail and fled from prosecution (which is what I think when you say they've disappeared and never showed up in court), then there's already a warrant out for their arrest and their bail has been revoked. You can bet that the police are already going to be looking for him (how actively will depend on what the charge was), as will the bail bondsman who is out the money they paid for bail. They have their own interests for finding the guy, so you're probably not going to get a lot of assistance from them in locating him. The bail bondsman will turn him in for the bounty, and the police will just take him into custody. Neither one of those actions will do anything to get you any money.
As has been pointed out, you sound like you're young and naive, and in need of a life lesson. Lesson #1 is to know the people you lend money to, because if they don't turn out to be as trustworthy as they make themselves out to be, then YOU are the one who ends up on the hook for the loss. Unless you have money to burn and don't really care about ever being paid back, you just don't go there. That ESPECIALLY rings true with friends who engage in criminal activity and ask you to bail them out.
As for getting paid back - if your friend had the resources to reimburse you for the bail, do you really think they would have needed you to co-sign for the bond? Now that they've skipped bail, you can pretty much kiss that money goodbye.