A reporter in Montana cannot tape record a conversation without
knowledge of all parties to the conversation. See Mont. Code ann.
§ 45-8-213-c. Exceptions to this rule include the recording of: elected
or appointed officials and public employees, when recording occurs in
the performance of public duty; persons speaking at public meetings,
and persons given warning of the transcription. If one party gives
warning, then either party may record. Mont. Code ann. § 45-8-
213-1-c-i, ii, iii. It is illegal to purposely intercept an electronic
communication. It is also illegal to disclose the contents of an illegally
recorded conversation. Mont. Code ann. § 45-8-213-2.
A person convicted of the offense of violating privacy in communications
shall be fined an amount not to exceed $500 or be imprisoned
in county jail for a term not to exceed six months, or both. Penalties
increase with each offense. Mont. Code ann. § 45-8-213-3.
In 2003, the Montana Supreme Court found that a tape-recorded
conversation between a defendant and others while the defendant was
in prison did not violate state wiretapping laws because the prison
notified the defendant that his telephone conversations were subject
to monitoring. State v. DuBray, 77 P.3d 247, 263 (Mont. 2003).