Oregon Law
I am in Property Management is Oregon.
The current rental agreements say in small print under section 14- security deposits that "owner/agent may deduct the cost of carpet cleaning from the deposit regardless of weather Resident cleans the carpet before delivering possession of the dwelling unit back to owner/agent." You may want to read all the small print on your lease. The leases have changed over the year, so there may not be any wording like this in your lease.
Go through all your lease paperwork and make sure you haven't missed anything.
I give each tenant when they sign their lease a copy of what I expect to be cleaned when they move out. Not all owners/agents do this. I also give them a move in check list. I keep a copy of the paperwork in their file until they return to me the originals with their notes and such. IF they don't return to me, then I have nothing to by by when they move out. I also clean carpets in between each tenant too. We can no longer charge a cleaning fee, but if a place it not clean when a tenant moves out I can certainly charge them for cleaning and deduct from their deposit.
Even if your landlord didn't give you a move in sheet, you should have taken it upon yourself to write one up, and take photos as well.
I have our homes professionally cleaned if a tenant doesn't clean at moveout.. but each tenant will always tell me that their place is cleaner at moveout than it was when they moved in. Never fails. Also, everyone's version of clean is different. If I think my next tenant is going to complain about something dirty, then I know I will need to bring in a cleaner and charge the previous tenant.
I also go in after each move out and take photos of everything, so if you don't have notes or move in photos you may have to write this one off as a lesson for next time.
I would go through your lease paperwork and read all the small print. Perhaps there is something you may have missed??