Yep, they fired you. And now they're contesting your unemployment, fully within their right to do so. Saying they fired you for violation of the absenteeism policy, which is misconduct, something within your control whether you are absent from work or not. Which means no unemployment.
But since you can present a medical excuse for this absence (both of them) and show that it was absolutely necessary for you to have this dental work done, and you did have the dental work done by a dentist (see excuse) over the two days, this was not a choice, this was a medical emergency. Missing the time was not a misconduct. The sticky icky part of this is that you may not have, from the sound of it, followed their notification policy for taking this absence. If they determine this, the claims office still can deny your unemployment, saying you failed to follow the correct notice of absence procedure, though you were fully aware of what it was and should have done it, and that constitutes misconduct.
Your unemployment is always approved or denied by the state, not the employer. The employer just presents their argument as to why your unemployment should be denied,why they had a valid misconduct reason to terminate you. In appeal, if you are denied, you'd tell them how you did, in your opinion follow the notice procedure by telling your supervisor. They may, or may not agree with you.