if you quit your job, to be approved for unemployment, you'd have to show you have a valid job related reason for doing so. If you quit at this point, they're going to ask why in the heck you took this job, knowing what the benefit structure was, and worked at it for two years, knowing how you were being treated, and then suddenly, right now, you've decided to quit the job because it just isn't fair the way they're treating you. Frankly, I think your reason for wanting to quit has much more to do with the phrase "I just want to be a college student again" and I think they'd pick up on this very quickly.
Your chances of being approved for unemployment in this situation is slim to none, in my opinion. And then even if you were approved for benefits, there would be the availability issues, and you probably would not be able to draw the benefits anyway, because I strongly suspect you would have to limit your availability due to when you have to take your classes, since you are an upperclassman and probably have very specific classes you have to take to graduate that are just not offered many times and with much flexibility.
In other words, you can quit your job, but don't expect unemployment benefits. They are not a help while you are out of work because of health issues, but they are not also to help you finish college, either, except under very specific departmentally sanctioned kinds of school such as Trade Act or NAFTA re-training programs.