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Liability and other concerns when a private easement is made public

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About 4 decades ago, a community called Brownstone was developed on land that was owned by a man who also owned some undeveloped land across the street from Brownstone. The undeveloped land was adjacent to a popular park that the residents of Brownstone and others in the area frequented. To specifically help the residents of Brownstone, the land owner gave them an easement across his undeveloped land to access the park more directly. This was also his selling point- buy a Brownstone townhome, and you have direct access to the park. In Brownstone's condo documents, the easement is described as a non-exclusive perpetual easement. The same easement is described in the plat for the vacant land that the easement crosses, and in both descriptions, Brownstone is named as the holder of the easement.

Fast forward a couple of decades, and the city contacted the owner of the undeveloped land to sign an agreement to construct a bridge over his land to effectively convert the easement from a dirt path to a aesthetically pleasing wooden deck in order to beautify the area. The agreement did not specify Brownstone by name, but suggested that they felt the easement was public access because one or more communities across the street had been using it. But the purpose of this agreement was to give the city permission to build the walkway at no expense to the owner of the land. He agreed and they proceeded.

Now fast forward another 15 years, and the land owner sold the vacant land to a developer who built several condos on the land, called Placid Lakes. After the completion of Placid Lakes, the easement was rebuilt by the city. Shortly thereafter, the city went directly to Brownstone (without including anyone from the management or BOD from Placid Lakes), to sign an agreement that the city would make the easement public use, perhaps officially. In return, the agreement released Brownstone of all liability for anything that could happen on the easement, and that the city would maintain the walkway at no cost to Brownstone. They agreed.

Now fast forward another 17 years to today- Placid Lakes' property around the easement is suffering damages nearly every sunny day. It was not entirely clear why grass was dying until cameras were installed. There were also No Trespassing and Video Recording signs installed prior to the cameras, but went ignored. The grass is being abused by the public that walks off the easement and effectively trespasses onto Placid Lakes property. Bicycles are chained to the outside of the easement walkway on Placid Lakes' property. People walk over the grass owned by Placid Lakes to climb under the railing of the easement deck to access it. Children walk on the railing of the easement deck putting their safety at risk. People ride their bicycles onto Placid Lakes property as a shortcut to the easement, part of which crosses Placid Lakes' driveway. People drive onto Placid Lakes' property to park and wait to pick up people who don't want to walk all the way out to the street to be picked up, or to walk home across the street. And some ill-informed residents of Brownstone insist that they can chain their bikes and walk anywhere they want around the easement on Placid Lakes' property because they think they own the land- they think the Private Property signs pertain to Brownstone, and not Placid Lakes who installed the signs! Because Brownstone's condo documents state that they hold an easement they believe this to be the case, but at the same time they aren't even aware of the City's decades-later agreement with their association about the easement being made public in exchange for releasing them of all effective responsibilities concerning the easement. The city and police were not aware of the extent of the problems Placid Lakes suffered until presented with video evidence of the violations, but of course they were defensive and tried to minimize what the response would be. For example, the police chief asking if Placid Lakes would like them to arrest people walking in their grass. Or being ill informed himself, thinking the City owned the land under the easement.

As far as I know, the city has the burden to solve these problems without impact to the land owner (in this case, Placid Lakes). But to what extent is this true? And who is liable if anyone gets hurt on or off the easement who doesn't necessarily live in Placid Lakes (i.e. hurt on the easement or hurt when trespassing, inadvertently or otherwise)? Is Brownstone liable for anything even with the agreement with the City? Is the City also liable if, for example, a child walking on the railing falls off and breaks his or her neck? And the main question for this forum- Was it acceptable for the City to approach Brownstone to make an agreement to allow the public to use the easement without involving Placid Lakes in any discussions or for the signing of the agreement itself? The intent of the easement was for one community to have access to the park, but the city decided on their own terms that it should be made public and did not discuss this with anyone from Placid Lakes. Placid Lakes doesn't mind if the public accesses the park directly using the easement, but it isn't clear how to solve any of these problems.

Thanks for taking the time to read this and your consideration for our concerns!
 


quincy

Senior Member
Your property is insured?

If someone is trespassing on your property and you have your property posted “no trespassing,” you can report the trespasser to the police. If someone is injured on your property, you contact your insurer. If someone is injured on city-owned property, the city can be sued.

I think I might not be understanding your question. :)
 
We have an insurance policy, but don't know if it covers such liabilities, or if it needs to indicate anything about the easement for us to be covered. I can find this out.

The police chief was aggravated that our community was reporting the bikes chained to the outside of the easement deck on our property (which is the main offense we were aware of at the time), and was apparently misinformed that this was just an easement and that the city did not actually own the path as he had thought. He told us he wouldn't respond to our calls about these bikes anymore, told our community not to touch them, and when asked what they could do about the trespassers he asked our board a bit incredulously if they really wanted his deputies to arrest or cite people who were just walking wayward onto our property and maybe cleaning their shoes on our lawn (which has been killing our grass in areas), and that such violations are probably accidental, and would not hold up with a judge in a court. Effectively it would be a waste of time.

We don't have a problem with the easement, most people who use it are responsible, but there are dozens of people every week who abuse our property or put their safety, and ours, at risk. Even city workers drive onto our property, park in no parking areas, and walk on our grass to climb up onto the side of the easement to get to the park for a few minutes to clean up.

Maybe to simplify I should have asked- would it be it legal for the holder of an easement to sign an agreement brought to them by the city, to allow the city to make the easement public-use without involvement with the owner of the land that the easement crosses? I know it is completely different scenario, but it seems like subletting a rental without permission involvement with the owner. But being an easement, is it really true that the holder can do whatever they want with it?

And who is liable for what? Our community has a lawyer, who has been a little vague.

Thanks again!
 

quincy

Senior Member
A couple of thoughts:
If you cannot tell what your insurance liability coverage is from reading your policy and if your insurance agent cannot tell you what your policy covers, then you might want to find a new insurance company and agent.

If your police will not cite trespassers for trespassing, you and your neighbors should file a complaint with their superiors.

Your community needs to get answers from their attorney or look into getting a new attorney who will address their legal concerns.

The easement would need to be researched to determine what was granted by the original owner.
 

FarmerJ

Senior Member
Placid lakes also really needs tp fence in the property, Talk to its attorney about creating a parking permit system so residents and guest of residents can park with out fear of towing , ( learn if vehicle clamping can be done as well) the property that non permitted parkers risk being treated as tresspassors OR will face towing or clamping, also to learn if they can post that bike riders are not to chain bikes to the fence or they too face having to go get their bike from the tow operator. Talk to the attorney about what signage or letters for reminding them that they do not own the land they have been using to get to the park and that a camera system will be installed to record ALL persons who cross the land to get to the park and last but not least going after people who damage the easement. Its worth it to record ALL traffic that uses that land and miss use the land to be sued or to defend against injury ( there really needs to be signs reminding parents children are not to climb fencing or be un supervised .) last it would be wise3 to talk to the attorney to learn what it could cos cost to force the city to buy it , since its use to me sounds like it is so overburdened now that the origin intention of the easement is goen
 
These are great suggestions and well received. I will offer these to our BOD. Maybe get a conversation going about it. We need to discuss what our paperwork says. Maybe a good time to ask for a meeting. I’m concerned also that any of this impacts our property value, and if it does, could our buildings rescind the easement for this or any other grounds. We don’t mind the easement but not when it starts to damage our community.

One question I still think remains unanswered if anyone knows is what the holder of an easement is allowed to do with it. Can they agree with another party like the city to make it public? I think Quincy answered by saying we need to research it to see what is in it. I did look it up and found that it is only described as a non exclusive perpetual easement for Brownstone and only had a description of the survey where it is located. That is all. Does this mean they were allowed to sign it over for public use?

Thanks again!
 

LdiJ

Senior Member
About 4 decades ago, a community called Brownstone was developed on land that was owned by a man who also owned some undeveloped land across the street from Brownstone. The undeveloped land was adjacent to a popular park that the residents of Brownstone and others in the area frequented. To specifically help the residents of Brownstone, the land owner gave them an easement across his undeveloped land to access the park more directly. This was also his selling point- buy a Brownstone townhome, and you have direct access to the park. In Brownstone's condo documents, the easement is described as a non-exclusive perpetual easement. The same easement is described in the plat for the vacant land that the easement crosses, and in both descriptions, Brownstone is named as the holder of the easement.

Fast forward a couple of decades, and the city contacted the owner of the undeveloped land to sign an agreement to construct a bridge over his land to effectively convert the easement from a dirt path to a aesthetically pleasing wooden deck in order to beautify the area. The agreement did not specify Brownstone by name, but suggested that they felt the easement was public access because one or more communities across the street had been using it. But the purpose of this agreement was to give the city permission to build the walkway at no expense to the owner of the land. He agreed and they proceeded.

Now fast forward another 15 years, and the land owner sold the vacant land to a developer who built several condos on the land, called Placid Lakes. After the completion of Placid Lakes, the easement was rebuilt by the city. Shortly thereafter, the city went directly to Brownstone (without including anyone from the management or BOD from Placid Lakes), to sign an agreement that the city would make the easement public use, perhaps officially. In return, the agreement released Brownstone of all liability for anything that could happen on the easement, and that the city would maintain the walkway at no cost to Brownstone. They agreed.

Now fast forward another 17 years to today- Placid Lakes' property around the easement is suffering damages nearly every sunny day. It was not entirely clear why grass was dying until cameras were installed. There were also No Trespassing and Video Recording signs installed prior to the cameras, but went ignored. The grass is being abused by the public that walks off the easement and effectively trespasses onto Placid Lakes property. Bicycles are chained to the outside of the easement walkway on Placid Lakes' property. People walk over the grass owned by Placid Lakes to climb under the railing of the easement deck to access it. Children walk on the railing of the easement deck putting their safety at risk. People ride their bicycles onto Placid Lakes property as a shortcut to the easement, part of which crosses Placid Lakes' driveway. People drive onto Placid Lakes' property to park and wait to pick up people who don't want to walk all the way out to the street to be picked up, or to walk home across the street. And some ill-informed residents of Brownstone insist that they can chain their bikes and walk anywhere they want around the easement on Placid Lakes' property because they think they own the land- they think the Private Property signs pertain to Brownstone, and not Placid Lakes who installed the signs! Because Brownstone's condo documents state that they hold an easement they believe this to be the case, but at the same time they aren't even aware of the City's decades-later agreement with their association about the easement being made public in exchange for releasing them of all effective responsibilities concerning the easement. The city and police were not aware of the extent of the problems Placid Lakes suffered until presented with video evidence of the violations, but of course they were defensive and tried to minimize what the response would be. For example, the police chief asking if Placid Lakes would like them to arrest people walking in their grass. Or being ill informed himself, thinking the City owned the land under the easement.

As far as I know, the city has the burden to solve these problems without impact to the land owner (in this case, Placid Lakes). But to what extent is this true? And who is liable if anyone gets hurt on or off the easement who doesn't necessarily live in Placid Lakes (i.e. hurt on the easement or hurt when trespassing, inadvertently or otherwise)? Is Brownstone liable for anything even with the agreement with the City? Is the City also liable if, for example, a child walking on the railing falls off and breaks his or her neck? And the main question for this forum- Was it acceptable for the City to approach Brownstone to make an agreement to allow the public to use the easement without involving Placid Lakes in any discussions or for the signing of the agreement itself? The intent of the easement was for one community to have access to the park, but the city decided on their own terms that it should be made public and did not discuss this with anyone from Placid Lakes. Placid Lakes doesn't mind if the public accesses the park directly using the easement, but it isn't clear how to solve any of these problems.

Thanks for taking the time to read this and your consideration for our concerns!
If the Brownstone deeds say that they have a perpetual easement, then that is what they have. The width of the easement also matters. The city cannot undo what was deeded to them, nor can Placid Lakes. So the bridge itself is NOT the easement. The land is the easement and the bridge was placed upon the easement as an improvement to the easement. Easements are often far wider than the part being commonly used. Its not unusual for an easement for a road to be 40-60 feet wide.
 

quincy

Senior Member
... could our buildings rescind the easement for this or any other grounds. ... it is only described as a non exclusive perpetual easement for Brownstone ... Does this mean they were allowed to sign it over for public use?...
The original owner of the property was allowed to transfer the easement by deed to the city. Because the easement is a non exclusive perpetual easement, others cannot be excluded from using the easement and it will be permanently accessible to all others.

The city has taken on the responsibility of maintaining the easement while relieving the residents of Brownstone and the residents of Placid Lakes of liability, while at the same time not limiting the rights of these residents to use the easement.

Any problems with the easement should be addressed to the city.
 

FarmerJ

Senior Member
Do talk about the things placid can control like who can park in its parking lots , blocking with fencing people from randomly crossing land that is not in the easement , you might even invite a local tow company come to one meeting, I suspect if placid has more control to keep trespasser traffic out , regulate its parking and consequence to illegal parkers then those things should not cause your homes to lose value.
 

quincy

Senior Member
A simple “Private Property. No Trespassing” sign at the entrance to Placid Lakes could eliminate some problems. Permit parking only (with permits issued to Placid Lakes” residents) combined with a “Violators will be towed at violator’s expense” could eliminate other problems.

Once signs are in place, Placid Lakes will have more support for police action against those who park without authorization and those who trespass on the private property of residents.
 

LdiJ

Senior Member
A simple “Private Property. No Trespassing” sign at the entrance to Placid Lakes could eliminate some problems. Permit parking only (with permits issued to Placid Lakes” residents) combined with a “Violators will be towed at violator’s expense” could eliminate other problems.

Once signs are in place, Placid Lakes will have more support for police action against those who park without authorization and those who trespass on the private property of residents.
I agree, but Placid Lakes needs to be certain of the width of the easement before they start placing signs or towing cars. The OP seems to be assuming that only the bridge itself is the easement, and that is highly likely to be incorrect.
 

quincy

Senior Member
I agree, but Placid Lakes needs to be certain of the width of the easement before they start placing signs or towing cars. The OP seems to be assuming that only the bridge itself is the easement, and that is highly likely to be incorrect.
I was not thinking the residents should place signs on the easement. Signs should be posted on their property.
 

LdiJ

Senior Member
I was not thinking the residents should place signs on the easement. Signs should be posted on their property.
I agree. However, based on a couple of comments the OP made, I feel pretty confident that the OP believes that only the bridge is the easement. I would be willing to bet money that some of the grass the OP is talking about is part of the easement.
 

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