Ohiogal said:
And BB is right. Discrimination is NOT illegal. Types of discrimination are against the law but discrimination in and of itself is not. I can refuse to hire someone because they are tall, short, fat, skinny, brunette, blonde, wearing the color red, driving a BMW, driving a VW, walking, taking the bus, not owning a car, or for various other reasons. I can decide that anyone who drives a nicer car than me doesn't get hired. That is discrimination. It is LEGAL discrimination. And no one can do anything about it.
Refusing to hire applicants because of height has been shown to have an adverse impact on certain groups protected under Title VII and unless the employer can justify the restriction, violative of Title VII. The same argument might be made about brunettes and blondes, to the extent that they exclude members of races or national origins who disproportinately have black or dark brown hair.
However, I would agree that most discrimination in the employment setting is not illegal. Legislatures have seen fit to only enact legislation prohibiting very specific forms of discrimination. Hiring the most qualified person for a job is a form of discrimination. However, it's legal and what most people expect.
Maybe the rest of EEOC's opinion on the subject will clarify things on pre-employment inquiries, at least as far as EEOC and the federal EEO laws are concerned.
However, unless needed for some legal purpose, such as affirmative action or obtaining applicant flow data, such inquiries may be important evidence of discriminatory selection, since it is reasonable to assume that all questions on an application form or in a pre-employment interview are asked for some purpose and that hiring decisions are made on the basis of the answers given. Gregory v. Litton Systems, 316 F. Supp. 401, 403 (C.D. Cal. 1970) (pre-employment information which is obtained is likely to be used), modified on other grounds, 472 F.2d 631 (9th Cir. 1972). Therefore, if challenged, the focus of the investigation is not on the pre-employment inquiry itself, but on the validity of the selection criterion. Employers also should not inquire about matters which may disproportionately exclude members of protected groups, unless the inquiry concerns a legitimate attribute for the job, i.e., the employer can show that the requirement is job related and consistent with business necessity.