State Computer Harassment or "Cyberstalking" Laws
Law enforcement agencies estimate that electronic communications are a factor in from 20 percent to 40 percent of all stalking cases. Forty-four states now have laws that explicitly include electronic forms of communication within stalking or harassment laws. State laws that do not include specific references to electronic communication may still apply to those who threaten or harass others online, but specific language can make the laws easier to enforce. Two reports from the U.S. Department of Justice provide detailed information on cyberstalking: Stalking and Domestic Violence: Report to Congress (May 2001) and Cyberstalking: A New Challenge for Law Enforcement and Industry (Aug. 1999).
CyberAge Stalking, from LLRX.com, discusses the prevalence of cyberstalking and outlines state and federal statutes and case law. It also provides resources and information about how to protect against this crime. Cyberstalking: Navigating a Maze of Laws, (New York Law Journal, July 2002) describes various statutory definitions and provisions in several state cyberstalking laws.
Last update 4/1/05
STATE
CITE
Alabama
Ala. Code § 13A-11-8
Alaska
Alaska Stat. §§ 11.41.260, 11.41.270 , § 11.61.120
Arizona
Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-2921
Arkansas
Ark. Code § 5-41-108
California
Cal. Civil Code § 1708.7 Cal. Penal Code §§ 422, 646.9, 653m
Colorado
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-9-111
Connecticut
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-182b, § 53a-183
Delaware
Del. Code tit. 11 § 1311,tit. 11 § 1312A
Florida
Fla. Stat. § 817.568, § 784.048
Georgia
Code of Georgia § 16-5-90, § 34-1-7
Hawaii
Hawaii Rev. Stat. § 711-1106
Illinois
720 Ill. Comp. Stat. § 5/12-7.5, 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. §§ 135/1-2, 135/1-3, 135/2, 2003 S.B. 407
Indiana
Ind. Code § 35-45-2-2
Iowa
Iowa Code § 708.7
Kansas
Kan. Stat. § 21-3438
Louisiana
La. Rev. Stat. § 14:40.2, La. Rev. Stat. § 14:40.3
Maine
Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 17A § 210-A
Maryland
Md. Code tit. 3 § 3-805
Massachusetts
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 265 § 43, 43A
Michigan
Mich. Comp. Laws §§ 750.411h, 750.411i, 750.411s
Minnesota
Minn. Stat. § 609.749
Mississippi
Miss. Code § 97-29-45, § 97-45-15
Missouri
Mo. Rev. Stat. § 565.225
Montana
Mont. Code § 45-8-213
Nevada
Nev. Rev. Stat. § 200.575
New Hampshire
N.H. Rev. Stat. § 644:4
New York
New York Penal Law § 240.30
North Carolina
N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 14-196, 14-196.3
North Dakota
N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-17-07
Ohio
Ohio Code §§ 2913.01(Y), 2917.21(A), 2003 S.B.8
Oklahoma
Okla. Stat. tit. 21 §§ 850, 1173
Oregon
Or. Rev. Stat. §§ 163.730, 166.065
Pennsylvania
Pa. Cons. Stat. tit. 18 § 5504 (1999 Pa. Laws, Act 59) and (2001 Pa. Laws, Act 218)
Rhode Island
R.I. Gen. Laws § 11-52-4.2, § 11-52-4.3
South Carolina
S.C. Code § § 16-3-1700(A)(2), 16-3-1700(B)
South Dakota
S.D. Cod. Laws § 22-19A-1
Tennessee
Tenn. Code § 39-17-308
Texas
Tx. Penal Code 42.07
Vermont
13 V.S.A. §§ 1027, 1061, 1062, 1063
Virginia
Va. Code §§ 18.2-60 18.2-152.7:1
Washington
Wash. Rev. Code §§ 9A.46.020, 9A.46.110,
10.14.020, 2004 H.B. 2771, Chapter 94
West Virginia
W. Va. Code §61-3C-14a
Wisconsin
Wis. Stat. § 947.0125
Wyoming
Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-506